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Hopkins Med news update
NEWS STORIES IN THIS ISSUE:- COVID-19 News: Can Dietary Supplements Help the Immune System Fight Coronavirus Infection?- Johns Hopkins Medicine Helps Develop Physician Training to Prevent Gun Injuries, Deaths- COVID-19 News: Study Says Pandemic Impaired Reporting of Infectious Diseases- Johns Hopkins Medicine Helps Create Treatment Guide for Neurodegenerative Disorders
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Human waste contaminating urban water leads to 'superbug' spread -- study
Contamination of urban lakes, rivers and surface water by human waste is creating pools of 'superbugs' in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC) - but improving access to clean water, sanitation and sewerage infrastructure could help to protect people's health, a new study reveals.
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Emotion, cooperation and locomotion crucial from an early age
What are the fundamental skills that young children need to develop at the start of school for future academic success? Researchers (UNIGE/HEP-VS) examined the links between emotion knowledge, cooperation, locomotor activity and numerical skills in 706 pupils aged 3 to 6. The results show that emotion knowledge, cooperative social behaviour and locomotor activity are interrelated and associated with numerical skills. These results suggest that locomotor activity should be added to these fundamental skills.
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Modified yeast inhibits fungal growth in plants
Engineers and plant pathologists at UC Riverside have developed a way to engineer a protein that blocks fungi from breaking down cell walls, as well as a way to produce this protein in quantity for external application as a natural fungicide. The work could lead to a new way of controlling plant disease that reduces reliance on conventional fungicides.
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Engineers find imaging technique could become treatment for deep vein thrombosis
Penn State College of Engineering researchers set out to develop technology capable of localizing and imaging blood clots in deep veins. Turns out their work may not only identify blood clots, but it may also be able to treat them.
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Life-saving snake venom
Western University bioengineer Kibret Mequanint and his international collaborators have found a novel use for snake venom: a body tissue 'super glue' that can stop life-threatening bleeding in seconds.
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Unlocking efficient light-energy conversion with stable coordination nanosheets
Two-dimensional "nanosheets" made of bonds between metal atoms and organic molecules are attractive candidates for photoelectric conversion, but get corroded easily. In a new study, scientists from Japan and Taiwan present a new nanosheet design using iron and benzene hexathiol that exhibits record stability to air exposure for 60 days, signaling the commercial optoelectronic applications of these 2D materials in the future.
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On the front lines: Correctional nurses and the COVID-19 pandemic
Firsthand reports from nurses in correctional facilities detail the challenges they faced during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Early intervention in schools needed to address Malta's obesity crisis
A new study by the University of Malta and Staffordshire University highlights an urgent need for change in the curriculum and demonstrates how introducing longer, more frequent and more physically intense PE lessons can significantly improve children's weight and overall health. Malta currently has one of the highest rates of obesity worldwide with 40% of primary and 42.6% of secondary school children being overweight or obese.
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Fossil rodent teeth add North American twist to Caribbean mammals' origin story
Two fossil teeth from a distant relative of North American gophers have scientists rethinking how some mammals reached the Caribbean Islands.
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Wolf pups born on Isle Royale, moose poised for decline
Michigan Tech researchers return to the island to discover new insights about the wolves and moose of Isle Royale.
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What does the sleeping brain think about?
Using an artificial intelligence approach capable of decoding brain activity during sleep, scientists (UNIGE) were able to glimpse what we think about when we are asleep. By combining fMRI and EEG, they provide unprecedented evidence that the work of sorting out the thousands of pieces of information processed during the day takes place during deep sleep. Indeed, the brain can evaluate all of these memories in order to retain only the most useful ones.
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Autophagy may be the key to finding treatments for early Huntington's disease
Recent evidence indicates that autophagy plays a central role in synaptic maintenance, and the disruption in autophagy may be at the root of early cognitive changes in Huntington's disease. Understanding this mechanism better may help researchers develop treatments for patients with HD early in their disease progression, report scientists in a review article published in the Journal of Huntington's Disease.
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Antihypertension drug may help patients with noncancerous brain tumors affecting hearing
New research led by investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and Massachusetts Eye and Ear indicates that the blood pressure drug losartan may benefit patients with neurofibromatosis type 2.
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Measuring nitrogen to improve its management
A new paper published in Nature Food offers the first comprehensive comparison of the most advanced international efforts to measure how nitrogen is managed in agriculture. Scientists from ten different research groups across the world, estimated how much nitrogen is added to croplands as fertilizer and manure, how much of the added nitrogen is harvested in crops, and how much is left over as potential environmental pollution.
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Black, Latinx people confident in COVID-19 safety precautions but skeptical about vaccines
Black and Latinx people intensely sought information on COVID-19 and engaged in public health measures such as mask-wearing and testing due to devastating experiences during the pandemic but are still skeptical about vaccines, according to a Rutgers study.
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Newly discovered role for CTP in ensuring faithful cell division in bacteria
To grow and multiply efficiently, bacteria must coordinate cell division with chromosome segregation. Key to this process is a protein called Nucleoid Occlusion Factor or Noc. A small and abundant molecule called Cytidine Triphosphate (CTP) is key to the functions of Noc. CTP binding enables Noc to "spread" on DNA to form a large protein complex. CTP also "switches on" the membrane-binding ability of Noc.
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T-cell 'training grounds' behind robust immune system response seen in adenovirus vaccines
Adenovirus vaccine vectors, such as the ChAdOx1 nCov-19 construct which has risen to prominence as a major vaccine for COVID-19, may generate robust long-term immune system responses, according to scientists from the Universities of Oxford and the Cantonal Hospital St.Gallen, Switzerland.
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Scientists create rechargeable swimming microrobots using oil and water
A new study, published today in Nature Physics, has shown that it is possible to create tiny, self-powered swimming robots from three simple ingredients.
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Diversity of US health care workers
What The Study Did: Researchers examined the diversity and representation by race/ethnicity and sex in select health care occupations in the United States from 2000 to 2019.
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