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Flower generalization has often been viewed as a suboptimal solution to managing the needs of different visitors. Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have developed a framework to examine flower-animal interactions and how different types of visitor-mediated trade-offs affect flower evolution. They found that mitigating trade-offs can lead to novel combinations of traits that enhance floral diversity. These findings could explain the discrepancy between observed flower visitors and those predicted based on a flower's traits.

An international research collaboration has conducted an IPD meta-analysis with the aim of resolving discrepancies between previous research as to what beneficial effects, if any, short bouts of aerobic exercise have on cognitive function. Their results highlight the importance of appropriate test design that takes into account individual differences between participants. The findings of this analysis will hopefully contribute towards more reliable studies on the relationship between exercise and cognition.

Conservation concern as alien aphid detected on Kangaroo Island.

Scientists show that an ocean-bottom seismometer deployed close to the calving front of a glacier in Greenland can detect continuous seismic radiation from a glacier sliding, reminiscent of a slow earthquake.

Our changing relationship with cash and dramatically reduced foot traffic in CBDs around the globe has prompted street performers to find different ways to generate income and sustain their careers.

Exercise training can help support management of overweight and obesity in adults, and can contribute to health benefits beyond "scale victories". The supplement published today in Obesity Reviews, based on the work of an expert group convened under the auspices of the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), provides scientific evidence on health and wellbeing benefits of exercise training for people living with overweight and obesity.

Heart failure patients aged 80 and above are less likely to receive recommended therapies and dosages compared to their younger counterparts, according to research presented today at Heart Failure 2021, an online scientific congress of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). 'Guidelines recommend the same treatments for all heart failure patients regardless of age,' said study author Dr. Davide Stolfo of the Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

In a new study, Molly Crockett, an associate professor of psychology at Yale, examined whether people trust leaders who make utilitarian decisions during a pandemic. To find out, she and her co-first authors -- Yale's Clara Colombatto and the University of Kent's Jim Everett -- assembled a multidisciplinary team of 37 international researchers to study people's trust in leaders around the globe.

Despite only limited evidence that fertility add-ons increase the odds of having a baby, the majority of women (82%) have used one or more of these treatments as part of their IVF.This is the conclusion of a retrospective study of 1,590 Australian patients which also found more than seven in 10 (72%) had incurred additional costs for these unproven additional therapies and techniques which range from Chinese herbal medicine to endometrial scratching.

For women diagnosed with breast cancer in Florida, breast cancer-specific mortality rates have decreased more among Black and Hispanic women than white women since 1990. Despite these advances, Black women still have double the five- and 10-year mortality rates of non-Hispanic white women.

New research published today in the journal Internal and Emergency Medicine provides the first real-world evidence that people switching from cigarettes to exclusive use of glo, BAT's flagship Tobacco Heating Product (THP), can significantly reduce their exposure to certain toxicants and indicators of potential harm related to several smoking-related diseases compared with continuing to smoke.

New research from marine biologists offers answers to a fundamental puzzle that had until now remained unsolved: why are some fish warm-blooded when most are not? It turns out that while (warm-blooded) fish able to regulate their own body temperatures can swim faster, they do not live in waters spanning a broader range of temperatures.

More than 9 of 10 patients with cancer showed good immune response to the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines after receiving both doses, but subsets of high-risk patients did not, according to a study conducted by researchers at the Mays Cancer Center, home to UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson, and Swiss collaborators.

Nanosized molecules of a particular chemical element can inhibit the formation of plaque in the brain tissues. This new discovery by researchers at Umeå University, Sweden, in collaboration with researchers in Croatia and Lithuania, provides renewed hope for novel treatments of, for instance, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease in the long run.

Physicists at MIT and elsewhere have used gravitational waves to observationally confirm Hawking's black hole theorem for the first time.

Melbourne researchers have found that liquid chalk, commonly used in gyms to improve grip, acts as an antiseptic against highly infectious human viruses, completely killing both SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and influenza A viruses.University of Melbourne Professor Jason Mackenzie, a laboratory head at the Peter Doherty Institute of Infection and Immunity (Doherty Institute) wanted to investigate whether liquid chalk stopped SARS-CoV-2 transmission after conversations with his daughter -- an elite rock climber heading to the Tokyo Olympics.

Living cells are constantly exposed to a wide variety of mechanical stresses: heart and lungs must withstand expansion and contraction; our skin must be resistant to tearing whilst retaining elasticity; immune cells are squashy so they can move through the body. "Intermediate filaments" (special protein structures), play an important role here. Researchers at Göttingen University have now measured what determines the properties of individual filaments, and which features only occur through the interaction of filaments in networks.

A relative decline in wealth during midlife increases the likelihood of a cardiac event or heart disease after age 65 while an increase in wealth between ages 50 and 64 is associated with lower cardiovascular risk, according to a new study in JAMA Cardiology.

Study warns that changing climate in the Congo Basin is impacting assessment of the endangered apes

When researchers unexpectedly discovered that small strands of RNA were suppressing the production of certain genes in animals, they suspected they'd stumbled onto something big. More than two decades of research has since confirmed their suspicions, showing that microRNAs have a hand in regulating almost every functional trait in animals and plants. In a new study, researchers provide a roadmap for the most efficient software to use for discovering and detecting microRNAs in plants.