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New eye treatment effective in laboratory tests

LA JOLLA, CA – October 23, 2013 – A promising technique for treating human eye disease has proven effective in preclinical studies and may lead to new treatments to prevent blindness, according to experiments conducted at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) in La Jolla, California.

Swiss private banking in clinch with high cost level

For the international wealth management industry, 2012 was a more benign year than the harsh 2011. Due to favorable stock and bond markets the volumes of managed funds increased, though not returning to pre-crisis levels. In addition, most banks managed to attract new funds. Nevertheless, the biggest wealth managers lost some market share to medium-sized competitors. Post-crisis low turnover and low interest rates still put pressure on returns, while cost levels remained sticky. The cost/income ratio remains critical even though gross margins on managed assets stabilized from 2011 to 2012.

Mount Sinai finds value and limitations of patient assistance programs for women with breast cancer

NEW YORK, NY – October 22, 2013 /Press Release/ ––

Patient assistance programs can help breast cancer patients meet a variety of needs that can interfere with getting recommended adjuvant therapies such as radiation, chemotherapy, and hormonal treatments, according to a study published recently in the online edition of the Journal of Oncology Practice.

How are Open Access and MOOCS disrupting the academic community in different ways?

Los Angeles, CA (October 23, 2013) Supporters of open academic content have long touted its ability to widen the impact and productivity of scholarship while relieving cost pressures in academia. While the development of open access (OA) publishing and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been labeled a disruption to publishing and the academic community, a new study out today in SAGE Open finds that OA has a more tempered impact on scholarship while the impact of MOOCs on teaching is more severe.

The hitchhiker antigen: Cause for concern?

Since antibodies first attained prominence as research reagents in modern biological science labs, researchers have been perplexed as to why one production lot can differ significantly from the next, in terms of performance. Poor antibody performance has caused the loss of countless hours of research, to say nothing of the mental anguish of the researchers themselves. An antigen is a substance that stimulates the production of antibodies.

Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance: DDT linked to mouse obesity 2 generations later

A Washington State University lab says ancestral exposures to environmental compounds like the insecticide DDT may be a factor in high rates of obesity. The finding comes as DDT is getting a second look as a tool against malaria and aging "Silent Spring" researchers are worried.

Internet therapy may help postnatal depression

Researchers at the University of Exeter have teamed up with online forum Netmums in a pilot study which has shown that postnatal depression can be treated effectively using online therapy. Rates of postnatal depression (PND) are high -- between 10 to 30 percent of mums are affected -- but many cases go unreported and few women seek help.

HIV elimination in South Africa could be achieved by current treatment policy

The current antiretroviral treatment policy in South Africa could lead to elimination of HIV within the country over the next 24 to 34 years, but a universal test and treat (UTT) approach could achieve elimination 10 years earlier according to new research published this week in PLOS Medicine.

RNA signatures from suspected TB patients could form the basis of a diagnostic test

A set of RNA transcriptional signatures expressed in the blood of patients might provide the basis of a diagnostic test that can distinguish active tuberculosis (TB) from latent TB and also from other diseases that have similar clinical symptoms and signs according to research published in this week's PLOS Medicine.

Xpert MTB/RIF test may improve diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in HIV-infected individuals

Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a serious and often fatal illness that is difficult to diagnose particularly in resource-poor areas and is especially common in individuals infected with HIV. In this week’s PLOS Medicine, Vinod B. Patel and colleagues from University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa, and University of Cape Town, South Africa, used Xpert MTB/RIF, a newly available DNA test that can be used in resource-poor settings and is generally used to detect TB in sputum, to detect TB DNA in cerebrospinal fluid.

This week in Molecular Biology and Evolution

Throughout the evolution of life on earth, bits of genetic material are routinely swapped among different species of bacteria to give them a competitive advantage. But rarely do such gene transfers happen between bacteria and higher organisms.

Now, Prof. Nikolas Nikolaidis, et. al., report on a rare case where plant genes called expansins, which are responsible for loosening or weakening protective cell wall, were transferred from plants to bacteria, fungi and amoeba that are known plant pathogens or live nearby in the soil.

Colon cancer screening guidelines may miss 10 percent of colon cancers

SALT LAKE CITY—For people with a family history of adenomas (colon polyps that lead to colon cancer), up to 10 percent of colorectal cancers could be missed when current national screening guidelines are followed. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the United States and the second deadliest.

Brief risk-reduction counseling at time of HIV testing does not result in reduction in rate of STIs

Brief risk-reduction counseling at the time of a rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test was not effective for reducing new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during the subsequent 6 months among persons at risk for HIV, according to a study in the October 23/30 issue of JAMA.

Risk-reduction counseling at time of HIV testing does not result in reduction of STIs

Brief risk-reduction counseling at the time of a rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) test was not effective for reducing new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) during the subsequent 6 months among persons at risk for HIV. Findings from the latest research study are online in the October 23rd issue of JAMA.

What a difference a grade makes

DURHAM, N.C. -- When it comes to children's attention problems, the difference between first and second grade is profound, says a new study from Duke University.

The study, which appears online in the November issue of the Journal of Attention Disorders, says the age at which attention problems emerge makes a critical difference in a child's later academic performance.