Culture
As machine learning continues to surpass human performance in a growing number of tasks, scientists at Skoltech have applied deep learning to reconstruct quantum properties of optical systems.
Through a collaboration between the quantum optics research laboratories at Moscow State University, led by Sergey Kulik, and members of Skoltech's Deep Quantum Laboratory of CPQM, led by Jacob Biamonte, the scientists have successfully applied machine learning to the state reconstruction problem.
Accurately predicting biodiversity loss from climate change requires a detailed understanding of what aspects of climate change cause extinctions, and what mechanisms may allow species to survive.
U.S. Army convoys could be made safer for soldiers by implementing autonomous vehicle technology to reduce the number of service members needed to operate the vehicles, according to a new study from the RAND Corporation.
"The Army is interested in autonomous technology because if they can reduce the number of soldiers needed to run a convoy, they can keep soldiers safe," said Shawn McKay, lead author of the study and a senior engineer with RAND, a nonprofit research organization.
Economists and business leaders agree that innovation is a major force behind economic growth, but many disagree on what is the best way to encourage workers to produce the "think-outside-of-the-box" ideas that create newer and better products and services. New research from the University of California San Diego indicates that competitive "winner-takes-all" pay structures are most effective in getting the creative juices flowing that help fuel economic growth.
Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have found a way to link measurements made by a device integral to microchip fabrication and other industries directly to the recently redefined International System of Units (SI, the modern metric system). That traceability can greatly increase users' confidence in their measurements because the SI is now based entirely on fundamental constants of nature.
While many immunologists use mouse models to conduct their research, J. Oriol Sunyer of Penn's School of Veterinary Medicine has made transformational scientific insights using a very different creature: rainbow trout.
Microelectronics like semiconductor devices are at the heart of the technologies we use each day. As we move into an era where we are stretching the limits of Moore’s Law, it is essential to find new ways to continue to pack more circuitry into each individual device in order to increase the speed and capability of our computers.
A system created by MIT researchers could be used to automatically update factual inconsistencies in Wikipedia articles, reducing time and effort spent by human editors who now do the task manually.
Wikipedia comprises millions of articles that are in constant need of edits to reflect new information. That can involve article expansions, major rewrites, or more routine modifications such as updating numbers, dates, names, and locations. Currently, humans across the globe volunteer their time to make these edits.
Many of the microbes that live in your gut are also found in your stool, and fecal microbiota transplants (FMTs) are being studied to determine whether they can improve health outcomes in patients with various diseases such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. However, it is important to recognize that FMT does carry some risk such as bloodstream infections and the transmission of drug-resistant bacteria.
A common variation in a human gene that affects the brain's reward processing circuit increases vulnerability to the rewarding effects of the main psychoactive ingredient of cannabis in adolescent females, but not males, according to preclinical research by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators. As adolescence represents a highly sensitive period of brain development with the highest risk for initiating cannabis use, these findings in mice have important implications for understanding the influence of genetics on cannabis dependence in humans.
There are numerous articles on how friendships change in your 20s, 30s, and after marriage or parenthood. What we don't know is how ubiquitous these changes are throughout the animal kingdom. Researchers from Archbold Biological Station describe the social lives of Florida Scrub-Jays in different stages of life in the journal PeerJ on February 10, 2020.
Citizen scientists have uncovered a bizarre pairing of two brown dwarfs, objects much smaller than the Sun that lack enough mass for nuclear fusion. The discovery, reported in The Astrophysical Journal and confirmed by a scientific team led by astrophysicist Jackie Faherty at the American Museum of Natural History, shows that brown dwarf systems--the formation of which are still poorly understood--can be very low mass and extremely far apart yet inexorably linked.
Secular cultures which are tolerant of minority groups and respectful of individuals' rights tend to have more wealth, education and democracy, a new study by University of Bristol scientists has found.
New research, which surveyed nearly half a million people across 109 countries, shows that changes in culture generally comes before any improvements in wealth, education and?democracy, rather than the other way around.
What The Studies Did: These two related studies and editorial examined the association of sexual orientation and gender identity with a history of self-reported skin cancer.
To access the embargoed study: Visit our For The Media website at this link https://media.jamanetwork.com/
Authors: Arash Mostaghimi, M.D., M.P.A., M.P.H., of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School in Boston, is the corresponding author of both studies.
Hookworms infect nearly around 700 million people in the world, mostly in countries where sanitation is poor, and people often walk barefoot.
The body's immune system is critical to attacking the hookworm, but these parasites are masters of escape and individuals typically remain infected throughout their lifetime, often resulting in death or complications stemming from anaemia.
Monash University researchers have uncovered a key way that hookworms evade the immune system - providing new hope in the search for a vaccine.