Culture

MIAMI -- A new study finds fisher education can help protect vulnerable shark populations. The research, led by University of Miami (UM) Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science scientists, showed that recreational anglers were more supportive of shark management and conservation if they had prior knowledge of shark conservation.

Authors of new Cochrane Review remain uncertain about effect of widely used medicine on ADHD symptoms, despite large amount of research. Some evidence of increased sleeplessness and loss of appetite leads researchers to encourage more caution in use of methylphenidate.

The Cochrane Library publishes one of the most comprehensive assessments to date on the benefits and harms of a widely prescribed drug used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Highlights

Improvements in availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV in South Africa over the past decade coincide with an increased gap in female versus male life expectancy, according to a study published in PLOS Medicine this week. The study was conducted by Jacob Bor and colleagues at Boston University in collaboration with Till Bärnighausen and colleagues at the Wellcome Trust's Africa Centre for Population Health in South Africa and the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.

AURORA, Colo. (Nov. 24, 2015) - Survivors of cardiac arrest who remain in comas have better survival and neurological outcomes when their body temperatures are lowered,according to new research by Dr. Sarah Perman at the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus.

Therapeutic hypothermia involves decreasing the body temperature to protect the brain when blood flow is reduced from a cardiac arrest, when the heart stops pumping and the patient has no pulse.

In a Viewpoint published in The Lancet today, a group of doctors from the Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) describe in chilling detail how they coped with the large influx of wounded on the night of Friday November 13, 2015, following the co-ordinated attacks. Operating continuously through the night, 35 surgical teams from 10 hospitals across Paris operated on the most seriously injured. Most of the patients were less than 40 years old.

Researchers have found anxiety around the arrival of a new baby is just as common as postnatal depression, and the risks for men are nearly as high as for women.

Mental health researcher Dr Liana Leach reviewed 43 separate studies and found anxiety before and after a child arrives is just as prevalent as depression, affecting around one in ten men, around half the rate for women.

CHICAGO - People with diabetes may be harboring advanced vascular disease that could increase their risk of stroke, according to new research being presented next week at the annual meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). The findings suggest that arterial imaging with 3-D MRI could be useful in helping to determine stroke risk among diabetics.

DALLAS, Texas Nov. 23, 2015 -- Adults with congenital heart defects have substantially higher rates of stroke compared to the general population, according to research published in the American Heart Association journal, Circulation.

A congenital heart defect is a heart abnormality present at birth. These defects encompass a wide range of disease entities, some presenting as life threatening conditions soon after birth, others only developing symptoms later in adulthood.

AURORA, Colo. (Nov. 23, 2015) - The cultural values of Latinos have a major impact on their palliative care preferences and healthcare providers should be sensitive to their perspectives, according to a research letter by physicians at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.

(Philadelphia, PA) - College is a stressful time in the lives of students, and a new study by researchers at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University (LKSOM) and Temple University found that heightened levels of psychological stress are associated with skin complaints.

A higher resting heart rate is associated with an increased risk of death from all causes in the general population, even in people without the usual risk factors for heart disease, according to new research published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), commonly used for heartburn and gastric distress, should be prescribed at the lowest dose possible and for the shortest length of time because of potential side effects, according to a review in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

Assisted dying may become legal in Canada on Feb. 6, 2016, and we must respect physicians' conscientious objections to assisted dying if it is against their principles.

Dr. John Fletcher, Editor-in-Chief of CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal) argues that just as we allow physicians in Canada to opt out of referring pregnant women for abortion, so too must we allow a similar option in the case of referrals for assisted death.

It is worthwhile to give patients expensive new drugs that can cure their hepatitis C much earlier than some insurers are now willing to pay for them, according to a UC San Francisco study that models the effects of treating the disease early versus late in its development.