Eurekalert

A long-term analysis of young adults in Korea found that those with poor heart health had higher rates of cardiovascular disease at a younger age.Young adults with poor cardiovascular health who improved their cardiovascular health over time reduced their chances of heart attack, stroke or heart failure later in life.Those who maintained good cardiovascular health from a young age had the lowest risk of premature cardiovascular disease.

A new study in the Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society co-authored by Yale anthropologist Eric Sargis finds that the barking hyraxes are a separate species from their shrieking neighbors. The newly described species, Dendrohyrax interfluvialis, populates the wet and dry forests that lie between the two rivers in coastal regions of southeastern Ghana, southern Togo and Benin, and southwestern Nigeria. The researchers based their conclusion on the distinctive calls combined with anatomical and genetic differences they identified among tree hyrax populations.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen provide better pain control and have fewer adverse effects than codeine, a commonly prescribed opioid, when prescribed after outpatient surgery, according to new research published in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).

E. coli adapt to survive sudden starvation. Biologists from Washington University in St. Louis and Stanford showed that when E. coli cells lack nutrients, the cytoplasm becomes more dense as its volume decreases, probably because of water loss. At the same time, the periplasm increases in volume as the inner membrane pulls away from the outer membrane.

A new species of large prehistoric croc that roamed southeast Queensland's waterways millions of years ago has been documented by University of Queensland researchers.

We analyzed cerebral tissues of the anterior cingulate cortex and superior temporal gyrus of schizophrenia cases and controls by using micro-CT. Mean curvatures of the capillary vessels showed a significant correlation to the mean curvatures of neurites, while the mean capillary diameter was almost constant, independent of the cases. The curved capillaries with a constant diameter should occupy a nearly constant volume, while neurons suffering from neurite thinning should have reduced volumes in schizophrenia

Research carried out by academics at NUI Galway and clinicians at University Hospital Galway Diabetes Centre, involving more than 4,500 patients in the west of Ireland, suggests that, despite careful medical management, a relatively high proportion of people with diabetes in Ireland are developing chronic kidney disease over time and are at risk of kidney failure and other complications of poor kidney function.

Honeybees bring back more than just nectar from their floral feasts and these microbes may help them survive turbulent times.

An observation of an insect exoskeleton on a potted plant may lead to the identification of a new species of cicada.

A new imaging technique has the potential to detect neurological disorders--such as Alzheimer's disease--at their earliest stages, enabling physicians to diagnose and treat patients more quickly. Termed super-resolution, the imaging methodology combines position emission tomography (PET) with an external motion tracking device to create highly detailed images of the brain. This research was presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging's 2021 Virtual Annual Meeting.

RUDN University scientists together with colleagues from Switzerland proved in a clinical trial the effectiveness of a new dosage form -- amorphous solid dispersion. This is the first such study in humans to show the mechanism of action of this form of drug release. In the future, it will help to increase the effectiveness of drugs and use new active substances for the treatment

For the first time, the boundary of the heliosphere has been mapped, giving scientists a better understanding of how solar and interstellar winds interact.

Positron emission tomography (PET) using a 68Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI) can noninvasively identify and monitor pulmonary fibrosis, according to research presented at the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2021 Annual Meeting. By binding to activated fibroblasts present in affected lungs, FAPI-PET allows for direct imaging of the disease process.

Various immune cells in the brainstem cause formation of inflammatory nodules

The types of land around us play an important role in how major storms will unfold -- flood waters may travel differently over rural versus urban areas, for example. However, it's challenging to get an accurate picture of land types using only satellite image data because it is so difficult to interpret.Researchers at the Cockrell School of Engineering have, for the first time, applied a machine learning algorithm to measure the surface roughness of different types of land with a high level of detail.

Rice University theorists simulate the molecular transitions that take place inside a furnace to create 2D molybdenum disulfide, a semiconductor that could find a home in next-generation electronics.

Experts at Cincinnati Children's make early-stage progress at using nanoparticles to deliver treatment for rare lung disease. Details online today in Circulation.

Oregon Health & Science University researchers have developed a new approach to gene therapy that uses the common pain reliever acetaminophen to force a variety of genetic diseases into remission.

Medical University of South Carolina researchers have discovered a gatekeeper protein that destines developing cells in an embryo to become liver cells. It exposes the genetic material of the cells and marks them as 'ready' for differentiation, i.e., transformation into liver cells, when developmental conditions are right. The findings, published in Cell Reports, could help scientists to better understand why liver cells do not develop correctly in children with inherited liver diseases.

A multidisciplinary team from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis and the university's McKelvey School of Engineering have devised a new way to design grafts that decreases the risk of clotting, ultimately relieving people of the pain, inconvenience and disruption of this critical treatment.