Eurekalert

Life expectancy in primate populations is determined by the survival rate of the younger ones.

Acrylamide, which is extensively used in industries, causes peripheral neuropathy or encephalopathy. Now, scientists from Japan examined the response against oxidative stress in acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and found that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of the immune system and response to oxidative stress, was at the center of this toxicity. They found that Nrf2 plays a protective role by increasing the expression of protective genes and decreasing that of pro-inflammatory genes.

Helsinki University research group used live tissue imaging for the first time to visualise the emergence of the mammary gland.

Researchers found a portion of the extracellular messenger RNA (mRNA) are taken up by natural killer cells (NK cells) expressing the mRNA receptor protein and has a function in the cell.

Led by Dr. Bassam Janji, from the Luxembourg Institute of Health, the team used gene editing technologies to show how targeting HIF-1α could not only inhibit tumor growth, but also drive cytotoxic immune cells to the cancer tissue. This discovery provided a valuable new target to make resistant melanomas more vulnerable to available anti-cancer treatments. Their findings were recently published in the reputable Oncogene journal.

Summer holiday school catch-up programs to address gaps in knowledge after school closures need to support children who are still struggling due to social isolation.

When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers at the University of Zurich have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage.

A blood test that can detect tiny amounts of circulating cancer DNA may be able to identify risk of cancer recurrence and guide precision treatment in bladder cancer following surgery, according to a clinical study led by Professor Tom Powles from Queen Mary University of London and Barts Health NHS Trust.

Researchers from the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the University of Bonn have examined the way in which SARS-CoV-2 reprograms the metabolism of the host cell in order to gain an overall advantage. According to their report in Nature Communications, the researchers were able to identify four substances which inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in the host cell.

In joint research, POSTECH professor Inhwan Hwang develops a new avian influenza vaccine using plant-based recombinant protein.

A study by the University of Liverpool has shown that while asymptomatic COVID-19 testing in Liverpool was popular, significant inequalities were evident between those who got tested and those who didn't.

Drugs routinely used during fertility treatments to release eggs do not increase the risk of developing breast cancer, new research has shown.

Scientists studying a common childhood cancer have made a major breakthrough which could lead to a cure for some youngsters who would not have survived the condition.

In the mid-2030s, multiple United States coastal regions may see rapid increases in the number of high-tide flooding (HTF) days, according to a study led by the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa and published today in Nature Climate Change. The combined effects of sea-level rise and natural fluctuations in tidal range are anticipated to cause tipping points in the frequency of HTF.

An ongoing international Alzheimer's clinical trial has found that one drug, gantenerumab, improved biomarkers of disease despite unclear cognitive effects, prompting study leaders to offer participants the option of continuing to receive the drug and participate in follow-up examinations as part of a so-called open label extension.

Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that high levels of a normal protein associated with reduced heart disease also protect against Alzheimer's-like damage in mice, opening up new approaches to slowing or stopping brain damage and cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's.

Research demonstrates how a hydrazone template can replace energy-intensive distillation to produce and isolate gamma-cyclodextrin -- a water-soluble chemical that attracts other molecules and is used to enhance food, pharmaceuticals, and a wide range of consumer products.

Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered a method which will allow for faster communication systems and better energy saving electronics.

A team led by MIT researchers analyzed how the surface topography on silicone breast implants influences health complications such as scarring, inflammation, and a rare type of lymphoma.

Engineers developed inexpensive methods to make "impossible materials" that interact in unusual ways with microwave energy. Thin film polymers inkjet printed with tiny component patterns collect or transmit energy with much greater selectivity, sensitivity, and power than conventional materials.