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The puzzle of how internal OH- impurities affect photon energy upconversion has been quantitatively disentangled through combining internal OH- content manipulation in nanocrystals, spectroscopy and Monte Carlo simulation. The exponential relationship between upconversion luminescence intensity and the quantity of internal OH- was discovered. The work not only paves the way to pursuit new structures and/or doping patterns for higher upconversion efficiency, but also provides a new method for studying the internal defects of phosphors.

To survive in a reduced pH environment, marine organisms have to adjust their physiology which, at the molecular level, is achieved by modifying the expression of genes. The study of such changes in gene expression can aid in revealing the adaptive mechanisms of life under predicted future ocean acidification conditions.

A group led by Prof. ZHANG Suojiang from the Institute of Process Engineering (IPE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) recently found that ionophobic electrodes can boost energy storage performance.

Current best practices for encouraging more female students to pursue degrees in economics may actually have the opposite effect and worsen gender disparities in the field, a recent study from Oregon State University found.

Researchers from the National University of Singapore have found a way to predict if ovarian cancer patients will be resistant to chemotherapy. By using "automated" microscopy, they identified a protein that indicates the resistance of ovarian cancer cells to platinum chemotherapy. This breakthrough could improve the survival rate of ovarian cancer patients, as other treatments may be administered early.

Different from small molecules, polymer will fold into lamellar crystals during crystallization and further assemble into lamellar stacks.

With global warming decreasing the size of New Zealand's alpine zone, a University of Otago study found out what this means for our altitude-loving kea.

Poor sleep impacts the risk of long-term cognitive decline in Hispanic/Latino middle aged and older adults differently than it does in non-Hispanic adults, according to research led by University of Miami Miller School of Medicine neurology faculty and the largest long-term study of US Hispanic/Latinos to date.

Each city has its own unique microbiome, a "fingerprint" of viruses and bacteria that uniquely identify it, according to a new study from an international consortium of researchers that included a team from the University of Maryland School of Medicine (UMSOM). The international project, which sequenced and analyzed samples collected from public transit systems and hospitals in 60 cities around the world, was published today in the journal Cell.

Half a billion tonnes of carbon emissions could be cut from Earth's atmosphere by improved management of peatlands, according to research partly undertaken at the University of Leicester.

For the first time, a prospective, international study has shown that chest pain caused by problems with the very small vessels supplying blood to the heart is an important health problem that increases the risk of heart attacks, stroke and death due to cardiovascular reasons. The study of microvascular angina is published in the European Heart Journal.

New research has discovered that monkeys will use the "accent" of another species when they enter its territory to help them better understand one another and potentially avoid conflict.The study is the first to show asymmetric call convergence in primates, meaning that one species chooses to adopt another species' call patterns to communicate.Co-authored by Dr Jacob Dunn of Anglia Ruskin University, the research investigated pied tamarins and red-handed tamarins in the Brazilian Amazon.

Continuous skin-to-skin contact starting immediately after delivery even before the baby has been stabilised can reduce mortality by 25 per cent in infants with a very low birth weight. This according to a study in low- and middle-income countries coordinated by the WHO on the initiative of researchers at Karolinska Institutet published in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Scientists at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) have identified the first blood biomarker for myocarditis, a cardiac disease that is often misdiagnosed as myocardial infarction. The study is published today in The New England Journal of Medicine.

Among patients receiving dialysis in the Southeastern United States, those at for-profit dialysis facilities were less likely to be referred for kidney transplantation than those at non-profit facilities. Rates of starting medical evaluations soon after referral and placing patients on a waitlist after evaluations were similar between the groups.

Modern-day agriculture faces two major dilemmas: how to produce enough food while minimizing environmental damage. Keeping more nitrogen in soil as ammonium may be one key way to address both challenges.

Laboratory experiments allow insights into the processes under the extreme pressure and temperature conditions of distant worlds

Fatal opiate overdoses are most prevalent among six states: Ohio, Pennsylvania, Kentucky, West Virginia, Indiana and Tennessee. But researchers identified 25 hot spots of fatal opioid overdoses nationwide using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Crystals are wonders of nature and science with important applications in electronics and optics. Scientists from Argonne have new insights into how gallium nitride crystals grow. Gallium nitride crystals are in wide use in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and may form transistors for high-power switching electronics to make electric grids more energy efficient and smarter.

A cross-disciplinary collaboration led by Jonathon Schuldt, associate professor of communication at Cornell University, found that a majority of the U.S. public is supportive of soil carbon storage as a climate change mitigation strategy, particularly when that and similar approaches are seen as "natural" strategies.