Science2.0
No Known Benefits Of Suicide Screening In Primary Care Settings
Suicide is the 10th leading cause of death in the United States. Statistics show that 38 percent of suicidal adults and 90 percent of youths had visited their primary care physicians in the 12 months prior to committing suicide.
An evidence review finds that while there are screening tools to help physicians identify adults at risk for suicide, there's no evidence that using these screening tools in primary care will actually prevent suicides. In adolescents, there are no proven primary care-relevant screening tools to identify suicide risk.
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reviewed evidence for upcoming recommendations on suicide screening and treatment for adults and adolescents and issued a paper.
Transdifferentiation: Antibody Directly Transforms Bone Marrow Cells Into Brain Cells
Researchers have found a way to turn bone marrow stem cells directly into brain cells, bypassing current cumbersome techniques and bringing about the possibility of simpler and safer methods. Stem cell therapies derived from patients' own cells are widely hoped to one day treat spinal cord injuries, strokes and other conditions throughout the body, with no immune rejection.
"These results highlight the potential of antibodies as versatile manipulators of cellular functions," said Richard A. Lerner of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI, principal investigator for the new study. "This is a far cry from the way antibodies used to be thought of—as molecules that were selected simply for binding and not function."
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Are Athletes The Biggest Victims Of Stereotype Threat On College Campuses?
Blanket stereotypes are bad but they often come into existence for a reason; the problem becomes when everyone is labeled with the same brush. There is a common belief that some schools, high school and college, are giving athletes an easier time because they have physical skills but not academic ones, for example, and so all athletes become considered "dumb jocks".
Are college athletes victims of stereotype threat the way sociologists contend women and minorities in science classes are?
Rivers Are 'Horizontal Cooling Towers' Says Study
Thermoelectric power plants interact with climate, hydrology, and aquatic ecosystems while rivers serve as "horizontal cooling towers" — but at a cost to the environment, says a new analysis.
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Satellites Will Get Treated To 3 Coronal Mass Ejections
A coronal mass ejection (CME) is when our sun sends billions of tons of solar particles into space. A CME can affect electronic systems in satellites and NASA recently saw three.
Structual Balance: Rock Hyrax Has Frenemies Too
Humans navigate complex social situations in deciding who to befriend or to abandon - a "frenemy" is someone who is both friend and enemy while the old military saying is that 'the enemy of my enemy is my friend'.
Animal social networks also use sophistication in judging social configurations and a new paper in Animal Behaviour applied a long-standing theory in social psychology called "structural balance."
How Your Brain Finds A Needle In A Haystack
How do we often find something tiny in a large area?
When our brains begin a targeted search, various visual and non-visual regions of the brain mobilize to track down that person, animal or thing. That means that if we're looking for a youngster lost in a crowd, the brain areas usually dedicated to recognizing other objects, or even the areas attuned to abstract thought, shift their focus and join the search party. The brain rapidly becomes highly focused child-finder, and redirects resources it uses for other mental tasks.
Widening The Net - The Capture Of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev
Whenever there is a high profile criminal act like the Boston Marathon Attack, we usually hear from the media that "the net is closing" on a suspect. In this age of rapid communication, surely it is more often the widening of the net that leads law enforcement agencies to the suspects. Thanks to science, a communications net can be established very rapidly and globally. Thanks to science there can be no hiding place for a high profile fugitive from justice.
The Dragnet
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Are We Still Alone? - Humanity's Quest For A Friend
None of that matters.
The most important question is first; is life easy or hard?
Without an answer to that question, the rest is schoolyard nonsense.
I'm equally disturbed at how blithely we regard our own dominance. It's as if there is no question that the universe was created for humans to use and abuse. -->
The Benefits Of Being Uninformative
Professors Dina Mayzlin and Jiwoong Shin have identified ways in which advertising that is deliberately devoid of any attribute information can (sometimes) help to promote sales.
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Wildfires Dump Massive Amounts Of Charcoal Into The Worlds' Oceans
Wildfires turn millions of hectares of vegetation into charcoal each year but it wouldn't seem like it ends up in the oceans.
Yet researchers have found that this charcoal does not remain in the soil, as previously thought. Instead, it is transported to the sea by rivers and thus enters the carbon cycle. The researchers analyzed water samples from all over the world. They demonstrated that soluble charcoal accounts for ten percent of the total amount of dissolved organic carbon.
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The Politics Of Pharmaceuticals: Post-Election Government Impact On The Industry
Pharmaceuticals don't have a discovery problem, or a financing one, they have a political one that impedes everything else. Politics have a greater direct effect on the pharmaceutical industry than anything else in the US, and correspondingly drug companies makes considerable investments in election campaigns, just like unions and any other special interest reliant on government.
The November elections kept the face of Washington the same as 2010, with President Obama in the White House, Democrats still in control of the Senate and Republicans still controlling the House of Representatives - but that means the pharmaceutical industry will be impacted in a variety of ways.
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Utah's Deadly Crandall Canyon Mine Collapse Had Hundreds Of Aftershocks
A new study has identified hundreds of previously unrecognized small aftershocks after Utah's deadly Crandall Canyon mine collapse in 2007, which suggest that the collapse was perhaps bigger than previous estimates.
Six coal miners died in the Aug. 6, 2007 mine collapse, and three rescuers died 10 days later. The mine's owner initially blamed the collapse on an earthquake, but the University of Utah Seismograph Stations said it was the collapse itself, not an earthquake, that registered on seismometers.
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Chemo Brain? Why Breast Cancer Patients Report Cognitive Issues
Some breast cancer patients report difficulties with memory, concentration and other cognitive functions following cancer treatment.
Determining whether that is psychosomatic or a sign of underlying changes in brain function has been a focus among scientists and medical doctors.
A new paper found a significant correlation between poorer performance on neuropsychological tests and memory complaints in post-treatment, early-stage breast cancer patients — particularly those who have undergone combined chemotherapy and radiation.
Biochemical Balloting: 'Seeing' The Flavor Of Food
Are the eyes more accurate than the nose and tongue in determining the taste of food?
Some people can actually see the flavor of foods, and the eyes have such a powerful role that they can even trump the tongue and the nose. The popular Sauvignon Blanc white wine, for instance, gets its flavor from scores of natural chemicals, including chemicals with the flavor of banana, passion fruit, bell pepper and boxwood. But when served a glass of Sauvignon Blanc tinted to the deep red of Merlot or Cabernet, people taste the natural chemicals that give rise to the flavors of those wines.
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HPV Vaccine Reduces Genital Wart Occurrence In Australian Women, Finds Study
Genital warts prevalence in Australian women plummeted 59% since a nationally funded quadrivalent human papillomarivus (HPV) vaccination program
for teen and pre-teen girls was introduced in 2007, says a paper in BMJ.
Habitable Super Earths? Three Candidates Found
The spacecraft named for Johannes Kepler was launched in 2009 and now it has found two new planetary systems, Kepler-62 and Kepler-69, about 1,200 light years from Earth that include three super-Earth-size planets in the "habitable zone," the range of distance from a star where the surface temperature of an orbiting planet might be suitable for liquid water.
The Kepler-62 system has five planets; 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e and 62f. The Kepler-69 system has two planets; 69b and 69c. Kepler-62e, 62f and 69c are the super-Earth-sized planets.
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USB Dead Drop File Sharing
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Physics Psychics? How Alice And Bob Talk, Without Saying A Word
A new paper says quantum physics can be even spookier. Using the “chained” quantum Zeno effect, the researchers write that they have discovered a form of "almost psychic communication" in which information can be exchanged between two parties without photons, or any physical particles, traveling between them.
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Text-Mining Algorithm Improves Evaluation Of Scientific Literature
With 25,000 journals in existence today, thanks in large part to the open access movement which charges a fee to print a study, keeping up with current scientific literature is a daunting task. Hundreds to thousands of papers are published each day.
Researchers from North Carolina State University have developed a text-mining algorithm to prioritize research papers to read and include in their Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD), a public database that manually curates and codes data from the scientific literature describing how environmental chemicals interact with genes to affect human health.
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