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Excitation spectral microscopy integrates multi-target imaging and quantitative biosensing

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
The multiplexing capability of fluorescence microscopy provides valuable means for interrogating complex intracellular dynamics. Scientists from UC-Berkeley demonstrated that excitation spectral microscopy can integrate multi-target imaging of up to 6 subcellular structures with quantitative imaging of fluorescent biosensors in live cells. Among other results, they elucidated the evolution of the mitochondrial matrix pH in the complex, Parkin-mediated mitophagy pathway. This new spectral imaging scheme provides exceptional opportunities for highly multiplexed, quantitative fluorescence microscopy.
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Researchers develop methods to understand how tb consumes its favourite foods

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Tuberculosis is a deadly yet curable infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis which remains the second leading cause of infectious death globally. According to the World Health Organization, a total of 1.4 million people died from tuberculosis in 2019.
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10 years after obesity surgery: How did life turn out?

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
In a new study from Lund University and the University of Gothenburg, patients were interviewed about their experiences ten years after undergoing obesity surgery. The results show that the effect on eating and weight regulation persisted, whereas other problems, such as feelings of guilt about still not being healthy enough, remained.
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A hairpin to fight cancer

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
The inhibition of pathological protein-protein interactions is a promising approach for treating a large number of diseases, including many forms of cancer. A team of researchers has now developed a bicyclic peptide that binds to beta-catenin--a protein associated with certain types of tumor. The secret of their success is the cyclic nature and the hairpin shape of the peptide, which mimics a natural protein structure, they report in the journal Angewandte Chemie.
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Computer designs magnonic devices

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Magnonic devices have the potential to revolutionize the electronics industry. Qi Wang, Andrii Chumak from University of Vienna and Philipp Pirro from TU Kaiserslautern have largely accelerated the design of more versatile magnonic devices via a feedback-based computational algorithm. Their "inverse-design" of magnonic devices has now been published in Nature Communications.
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On the road to smart cities: Where smart vehicles stand and where they're going

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
With rapid advancements in network connectivity technology, such as 5G and 6G, intelligent vehicles with AI-enabled technology and an internet-of-vehicles could soon replace ad-hoc smart vehicular networks. However, the successful integration of smart vehicles with society requires adequate computing frameworks. Now, a global team of computer scientists takes stock of computing paradigms for vehicular environments, highlighting strengths, challenges, and future directions for research in this field.
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Rapid COVID-19 diagnostic test delivers results within 4 minutes with 90 percent accuracy

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
A low-cost, rapid diagnostic test for COVID-19 developed by Penn Medicine provides COVID-19 results within four minutes with 90 percent accuracy. A paper published this week in Matter details the fast and inexpensive diagnostic test, called RAPID 1.0. Compared to existing methods for COVID-19 detection, RAPID is inexpensive and highly scalable, allowing the production of millions of units per week.
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Untangling the brain: new research offers hope for Alzheimer's disease

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
In a new study, researchers with the ASU-Banner Neurodegenerative Disease Center at the Biodesign Institute and their colleagues investigate tangles in the brain -- pathologies not only characteristic of Alzheimer's but other neurodegenerative conditions as well.The research homes in on a particular protein known as Rbbp7, whose dysregulation appears linked to the eventual formation of tau protein tangles and the rampant cell death associated with Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
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Salmonella contamination via strawberry roots not a dietary risk factor

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
A research group at the University of Cordoba completed a study on the internalization of the Salmonella Thompson bacterium in strawberry plants of the 'San Andreas' variety
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Advances in medical imaging enable visualization of white matter tracts in fetuses

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Researchers from the £12 million Developing Human Connectome Project have used the dramatic advances in medical imaging the project has provided to visualise and study white matter pathways, the wiring that connects developing brain networks, in the human brain as it develops in the womb.
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Scaling down Ionic Transistors to the ultimate limit

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Researchers led by Professor Xiang Zhang of the University of Hong Kong have developed an atomic-scale ion transistor based on electrically gated graphene channels of around 3 angstrom width which demonstrated highly selective ion transport. They also found that ions move a hundred times faster in such a tiny channel than they do in bulk water. This breakthrough leads to highly switchable ultrafast ion transport that can find important applications in electrochemical and biomedical applications.
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Engineered bacteria show promise for sustainable biofuel industry, researchers say

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Acetone, a volatile solvent used for everything from removing nail polish and cleaning textiles to manufacturing plastics, could get a sustainability boost from a new strain of bacteria engineered by a research team based in Japan.
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Researchers discovered a gut microbiota profile that can predict mortality

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Researchers discovered that a large amount of enterobacteria in the gut microbiota is related to long-term mortality risk in Finnish adult population.
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Observing individual atoms in 3D nanomaterials and their surfaces

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Atoms are the basic building blocks for all materials. To tailor functional properties, it is essential to accurately determine their atomic structures. KAIST researchers observed the 3D atomic structure of a nanoparticle at the atom level via neural network-assisted atomic electron tomography.
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Physicists extract proton mass radius from experimental data

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
A research group at the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) presented an analysis of the proton mass radius in Physical Review D on May 11. The proton mass radius is determined to be 0.67 ± 0.03 femtometers, which is obviously smaller than the charge radius of the proton.
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Shaken, not stirred: Reshuffling skyrmions ultrafast

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Scientists of Max Born Institute together with colleagues from Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and further research institutions now investigated in detail how laser-based creation and annihilation of skyrmions can be controlled to promote application of the process in devices. To image the magnetic skyrmions, the team of researchers used holography-based x-ray microscopy, which can make the tiny magnetization swirls with a diameter of 100 nanometer and less visible.
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Oleoyl-LPE exerts neurite stimulation and neuroprotection

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE) is a type of lysophospholipid that are reportedly present in the brain. The latest studies in animal models have reported elevated levels of LPE in the brain after traumatic brain injury and cerebral ischemia. Fluctuations in LPE concentration have also been reported in the plasma of patients with major depression and Alzheimer's disease. Although these reports suggest the involvement of LPE in brain function, the role in the brain has remained unclear.
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Health status of vulnerable gopher tortoises revealed in Southeastern Florida

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
In previously unstudied gopher tortoise aggregations, researchers found that overall, 42.9 percent had circulating antibodies to an infectious bacterium that causes upper respiratory tract disease. Physical examination showed that 19.8 percent had clinical signs consistent with upper respiratory tract disease and 13.2 percent had some form of physical abnormality. None of the tortoises tested positive for Ranavirus or Herpesvirus, which represents important baseline data, since these viruses are thought to be emerging pathogens of other tortoise and turtle species.
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How smartphones can help detect ecological change

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
Mobile apps like Flora Incognita that allow automated identification of wild plants cannot only identify plant species, but also uncover large-scale ecological patterns. This opens up new perspectives for rapid detection of biodiversity changes.
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New algorithm to ensure more accuracy in studying the interior of the Earth

Eurekalert - May 12 2021 - 00:05
St Petersburg University's geophysicists have developed an algorithm of joint interpretation of two approaches to exploration of the Earth's subsurface. The developed algorithm ensures more accuracy in engineering investigations.
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