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Japanese, Italian, US physicists reveal new measurements of high-energy cosmic rays

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
New findings published this week in Physical Review Letters suggest that cosmic ray nuclei of hydrogen, carbon and oxygen travel through the galaxy toward Earth in a similar way, but, surprisingly, that iron arrives at Earth differently.
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New cold atom source lays groundwork for portable quantum devices

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
In The Optical Society (OSA) journal Optics Express, researchers demonstrate a new high-flux and compact cold-atom source with low power consumption that can be a key component of many quantum technologies.
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New research unlocks the mystery of New England's beaches

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Until now, the factors governing which beaches slope gradually to the sea and which ones end abruptly in a steep drop-off have been largely unknown. However, new research from the University of Massachusetts Amherst reveals, with unprecedented detail, how the grain size of beach sand relates to the slope of the beach itself. These new findings are critical to understanding how New England's beaches will respond to both rising sea levels and increased storm activity.
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Physicists made photons be friends with magnons

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
A team of scientists from NUST MISIS and MIPT have developed and tested a new platform for realization of the ultra-strong photon-to-magnon coupling. The proposed system is on-chip and is based on thin-film hetero-structures with superconducting, ferromagnetic and insulating layers. This discovery solves a problem that has been on the agenda of research teams from different countries for the last 10 years, and opens new opportunities in implementing quantum technologies.
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Solar energy collectors grown from seeds

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Rice University engineers have created microscopic seeds for growing remarkably uniform 2D perovskite crystals that are both stable and highly efficient at harvesting electricity from sunlight.
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Third of Americans use gray market caregivers to aid the elderly and those with dementia

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
The rapid aging of the US population is expected to increase the demand for long-term care and supports to help with the activities of daily living. A new study finds that nearly a third of Americans who arranged for paid care for an older person or someone with dementia employed workers who were not hired through a regulated agency.
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RUDN University doctors found out the role of macrophages in liver regeneration

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
RUDN University doctors found out what role macrophages play in the recovery of the liver after the removal of its significant part.
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Antibody disease enhancement of COVID-19 does not appear to occur in animal models

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
In a study published in the journal Cell, Duke investigators demonstrated in mice and monkeys that human antibodies lacked the ability to make SARS-CoV-2 infection worse and, instead, exerted their defensive powers against the infection. The findings help reinforce evidence that antibodies are safe when given as treatments or induced by COVID-19 vaccines.
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Listening to mix of sounds and silence preserves temporal sound processing in mice

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Broadband sounds embedded with short pauses can maintain temporal sound processing in a mouse model of hearing loss, according to new research published in eNeuro.
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Computers help researchers find materials to turn solar power into hydrogen

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
A Penn State-led team of researchers reports that it has taken a step toward overcoming the challenge of inexpensive hydrogen production by using supercomputers to find materials that could help accelerate hydrogen separation when water is exposed to light, a process called photocatalysis.
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Gene profile in blood predicts risk of poor outcomes, death for patients with COVID-19

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
A blood gene profile associated with a high risk of dying from a severe lung disease can also predict poor outcomes in patients with COVID-19, a multicenter retrospective study led by the University of South Florida Health (USF Health) demonstrated. The risk profile based on 50 genes could help customize how COVID-19 is treated, improve allocation of limited health care resources such as intensive care beds and ventilators, and potentially save lives.
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Novel smart cement can be used to build more durable roads and cities

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
By introducing nanoparticles into ordinary cement, Northwestern University researchers have formed a smarter, more durable and highly functional cement.
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Blaming the pandemic for stress leaves couples happier

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
When the COVID-19 pandemic hit during the winter of 2020, locking down entire countries and leaving people isolated in their homes without outside contact for weeks at a time, many relationship experts wondered what that kind of stress would do to romantic couples. What they found was that when couples blamed the pandemic for their stress, they were happier in their relationships.
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Better reporting of studies on artificial intelligence: CONSORT-AI and beyond

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
An increasing number of studies on artificial intelligence (AI) are published in the dental and oral sciences but aspects of these studies suffer from a range of limitations. Standards towards reporting, like the recently published CONSORT-AI extension, can help to improve studies in this emerging field. Watch authors discuss the Journal of Dental Research (JDR) article 'Better Reporting of Studies on Artificial Intelligence: CONSORT-AI and Beyond.'
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New model simulates the tsunamis caused by iceberg calving

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
A team of scientists has developed a new model for simulating both iceberg calving and the tsunamis that are triggered as a result. Their method can help improve hazard assessment in coastal areas and refine the empirical calving models used to evaluate rising sea levels.
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New report from VA-BU-Concussion Legacy Foundation Brain Bank marks 1,000 brain donations milestone with inside look at CTE research

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Research collaborators from the VA, Boston University, and the Concussion Legacy Foundation (CLF) published an inspiring new report today, '1,000 Reasons for Hope,' which exclusively details the first 1,000 brain donors studied at the VA-BU-CLF Brain Bank since 2008 and how they have advanced research on concussions and CTE.
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Running in the blood: Blood lipids are linked to cancer, but depending on family history

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Several studies have associated blood lipids with different types of cancer like that of the food pipe or 'esophagus,' but much remains to be understood, to apply this knowledge clinically. A group of Chinese scientists has successfully advanced this line of research, by identifying the role of family history in modifying the association between blood lipids and risk of developing esophageal malignant lesions, according to a new study published in Chinese Medical Journal.
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There's more to genes than DNA: how Mum and Dad add something extra, just for you

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Biologists at the Universities of Bath in the UK and Vienna in Austria have discovered 71 new 'imprinted' genes in the mouse genome, a finding that takes them a step closer to unravelling some of the mysteries of epigenetics - an area of science that describes how genes are switched on (and off) in different cells, at different stages in development and adulthood.
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New high-speed method for spectroscopic measurements

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
Researchers at Tampere University and their collaborators have shown how spectroscopic measurements can be made much faster. By correlating polarization to the color of a pulsed laser, the team can track changes in the spectrum of the light by simple and extremely fast polarization measurements. The method opens new possibilities to measure spectral changes on a nanosecond time scale over the entire color spectrum of light.
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Switchable diurnal radiative cooling by doped VO2

Eurekalert - Jun 21 2021 - 00:06
In a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances, researchers led by Professor Junsuk Rho from Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea consider switchable diurnal radiative cooling by doped VO2.
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