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Mechanisms to separately regulate synaptic vesicle release and recycling

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Interactions of two voltage-gated calcium channels and a pump enable separate control of exocytosis and endocytosis at chemical synapses
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Championing chrononutrition with protein, the morning elixir for muscle growth

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Proteins are essential for body growth and muscle building. However, protein metabolism varies depending on the body's internal biological clock. Therefore, it is important to know how distribution of protein intake over the day affects muscles. Researchers from Japan have now found that consumption of proteins at breakfast increases muscle size and function in mice and humans, shedding light on the concept of 'Chrononutrition' that deals with the timing of diets to ensure organ health.
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Survey shows rise in vaccine hesitancy in Ghana

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Research led by the University of Southampton into the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana, West Africa has concluded that vaccine hesitancy has seen a small, but significant increase over the last three months. This research is in collaboration with youth-led not-for-profit organisation PACKS Africa.
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New Zealand drug agency provides model to insulate NICE from impacts of trade deals

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
An investigation from UK academics suggests that safeguards put in place in New Zealand to protect drug policy from Big Pharma's influence offer important lessons for the UK when striking new trade deals.
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Novel coronavirus discovered in British bats

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
A coronavirus related to the virus that causes Covid-19 in humans has been found in UK horseshoe bats. However, there is no evidence that this novel virus has been transmitted to humans, or that it could in future, unless it mutates.
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Inadequate protection for women and girls seeking refuge in Germany

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Germany is not meeting its legal obligations to protect refugee women and girls from discrimination, according to a "shadow report" by Göttingen University, the association Pro Asyl and several refugee councils. Based on current research and a survey of 65 women's counselling centres, psychosocial counselling centres and institutions working with refugees, the study finds that Germany does not adequately protect refugee women and girls and does not meet the requirements of the Istanbul Convention.
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A breath of fresh air for emphysema research

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Researchers from TMDU and Osaka University have found that a protein called FCHSD1 is involved in the development of emphysema, which is destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs, and is a component of chronic pulmonary respiratory disease that causes illness and death worldwide. Mice deficient in FCHSD1 showed less lung damage, inflammation, and cell death. The team were able to uncover the mechanism by which FCHSD1 acts to promote emphysema, which could lead to the development of new treatments.
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African swine fever: No risk to consumers

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
African swine fever (ASF), first detected in Germany in domestic pigs on 15 July 2021, does not pose a health hazard to humans. "The ASF pathogen cannot be transferred to humans", explains Professor Dr. Dr. Andreas Hensel, President of the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR). "No risk to health is posed by direct contact with diseased animals or from eating food made from infected domestic pigs or wild boar."
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The era of single-spin color centers in silicon carbide is approaching

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Researchers realized the high-contrast readout and coherent manipulation of a single silicon carbide divacancy color center electron spin at room temperature for the first time in the world, laying the foundation for building room-temperature solid-state quantum storage and scalable solid-state quantum networks.
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Understanding the physics in new metals

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI and the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), working in an international team, have developed a new method for complex X-ray studies that will aid in better understanding so-called correlated metals. These materials could prove useful for practical applications in areas such as superconductivity, data processing, and quantum computers. Today the researchers present their work in the journal Physical Review X.
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The mathematics of repulsion for new graphene catalysts

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Scientists at Tohoku University and colleagues in Japan have developed a mathematical model that helps predict the tiny changes in carbon-based materials that could yield interesting properties.
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Chemists found an effective remedy for "aged" brain diseases

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Scientists synthesized chemical compounds that can stop the degeneration of neurons in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and other severe brain pathologies.
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Deconstructing the infectious machinery of SARS-CoV-2

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Scientists from three national labs have published a comprehensive study that - alongside other recent, complementary studies of coronavirus proteins and genetics - represents the first step toward developing treatments for COVID-19.
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COVID-19 made unequal access to food worse, study suggests

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
When COVID-19 hit, affluent Columbus residents responded by taking significantly fewer trips to large grocery and big-box stores, apparently ordering more online and stocking up when they did go out to shop.With fewer options available to them, low-income people had to double down on what they had always done: regular trips to the local dollar stores and small groceries to get their family's food.
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Personalized immunotherapy response studied in body-on-a-chip cancer models

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Wake Forest researchers and clinicians are using patient-specific tumor 'organoid' models as a preclinical companion platform to better evaluate immunotherapy treatment for appendiceal cancer,
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COVID-19 antibodies persist at least nine months after infection

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Testing of an entire Italian town shows antibody levels remain high nine months after SARS-CoV-2 infection, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.
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Bonding's next top model -- Projecting bond properties with machine learning

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Researchers from The University of Tokyo Institute of Industrial Science have developed a machine learning-based model to predict the characteristics of bonded systems. Using the density of states of the individual component reactants, they have achieved accurate predictions of the binding energy, bond length, number of covalent electrons, and Fermi energy. The broadly applicable model is expected to make a significant contribution to the development of materials such as catalysts and nanowires.
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Why identical mutations cause different types of cancer

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Why do alterations of certain genes cause cancer only in specific organs of the human body? Scientists at the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), the Technical University of Munich (TUM), and the University Medical Center Göttingen have now demonstrated that cells originating from different organs are differentially susceptible to activating mutations in cancer drivers.
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More bullying of LGBTQ+ students in politically conservative districts

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Students who identify as LGBTQ+ in Washington state school districts with conservative voting records reported experiencing more bullying than their peers in more politically liberal areas, according to a new study.
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Mathematical models and computer simulations are the new frontiers in COVID-19 drug trials

Eurekalert - Jul 19 2021 - 00:07
Researchers are using computer models to simulate COVID-19 infections on a cellular level which allows for virtual trials of drugs and vaccines, opening the possibility of pre-assessment for drug and vaccine efficacy against the virus.
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