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Noninvasive, label-free optical method visualizes deep, cellular brain disease in vivo
Using long wavelength near-infrared light, scientists at UC Davis developed a label-free microscopy approach that achieves a unique combination of deep, high resolution, and minimally invasive brain imaging. The technique images neurons and axonal myelination across the mouse neocortex and some sub-cortical regions, through the thinned skull. Now studies of brain disease can be conducted deep in the mouse brain through a minimally invasive and simple surgical preparation.
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Psychiatric patients at increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization and mortality
In the largest systematic review and meta-analysis to date on COVID-19 outcomes in individuals with psychiatric disorders, the odds of dying or being hospitalized following COVID-19 infection were determined to be twice as high in comparison to persons without mental disorders.*
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Evaluation of India's 'Mission Indradhanush' finds improvements in vaccination outcomes
Washington, DC / New Delhi, India - Researchers at CDDEP recently published 'Improving vaccination coverage and timeliness through periodic intensification of routine immunization: evidence from Mission Indradhanush' where they evaluated the performance of India's Mission Indradhanush (MI) child vaccination campaign -- a periodic intensification of the routine immunization program.
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Ludwig Cancer Research study reveals even transient chromosomal errors can initiate cancer
A Ludwig Cancer Research study has found that inducing random chromosome instability (CIN) events in mice for as little as one week is enough to trigger harmful chromosomal patterns in cells that spur the formation of tumors.
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Non-genetic photoacoustic stimulation of single neurons by a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter
Neuromodulation at high spatial resolution is crucial for advancing understanding of brain circuits and treatment of neurological diseases. Here, a tapered fiber optoacoustic emitter (TFOE) is developed for stimulation of single neurons and subcellular structures. The TFOE enabled integration with patch clamp recording and unveiled cell-type-specific response of excitatory and inhibitory neurons to photoacoustic stimulation. TFOE provides a non-genetic single-cell and sub-cellular modulation platform, which could shed new insights into the mechanism of ultrasound neurostimulation.
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New discoveries and insights into the glass transition
When a liquid is cooled rapidly, it gains viscosity and eventually becomes a rigid solid glass. The point at which it does so is known as the glass transition. A collaborative research group has furthered our understanding of this phenomenon through the use of high entropy metallic glasses.
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RUDN University biologists prove the anticancer potential of macrophages
RUDN University biologists discovered the way how macrophages (the cells of the "first line" immune response) respond to inflammation and identified how the immune response depends on their origin. It turned out that when exposed to an inflammatory stimulus, two opposing mechanisms are activated in macrophages simultaneously -- inducing and inhibiting inflammation. These data can potentially be useful in the treatment of cancer, as targeted activation of macrophages will strengthen the immune response of the organism in the fight against a tumor.
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Neuro-evolutionary robotics: A gap between simulation and reality
Publication in Nature Communication: Neuro-evolutionary robotics is an approach to realize collective behaviors for swarms of robots. A comparative study of the most popular neuro-evolutionary methods shows that the control software produced by most of the analyzed methods gives good results in simulation.
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New optimisation method for computational design of industrial applications
Developed by two researchers at the University of Malaga, This methodology enables the reduction of costs and time in engineering design optimisation thanks to artificial intelligence
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The paradox of a free-electron laser without the laser
A new way of producing coherent light in the ultra-violet spectral region, which points the way to developing brilliant table-top x-ray sources, has been produced in research led at the University of Strathclyde.
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How micro-circuits in the brain regulate fear
The brain mechanisms underlying the suppression of fear responses have attracted a lot of attention as they are relevant for therapy of human anxiety disorders. Despite our broad understanding of the different brain regions activated during the experience of fear, how fear responses can be suppressed remains largely elusive. Researchers at the University of Bern and the Friedrich Miescher Institute in Basel have now discovered that the activation of identified central amygdala neurons can suppress fear responses.
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Watching the ultrafast dance moves of a laser plasma
This is the first ever capture of the ultrafast motions of a high intensity laser produced plasma on a solid surface, simultaneously at different spatial locations. It achieves an experimental leap in Doppler spectrometry and is important for tracking the flow of heat and energy along the surface and watching the growth of plasma instabilities, all very important for understanding laser plasma science and pushing forward applications of high intensity, femtosecond laser driven laser plasmas.
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Race, politics divide Americans on sports issues
Although some people may yearn for sports to be free of political or racial divisiveness, a new study shows how impossible that dream may be.Researchers found that Americans' views on two hot-button issues in sports were sharply divided by racial, ethnic and political identities. In addition, their opinions on topics unrelated to sports, like the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, also were linked to their beliefs about the two sports issues.
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Galactic fireworks: New ESO images reveal stunning features of nearby galaxies
A team of astronomers has released new observations of nearby galaxies that resemble colourful cosmic fireworks. The images, obtained with the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (ESO's VLT), show different components of the galaxies in distinct colours, allowing astronomers to pinpoint the locations of young stars and the gas they warm up around them.
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3D printed replicas reveal swimming capabilities of ancient cephalopods
Researchers took 3-D printed reconstructions of fossil cephalopods to actual water tanks (including a University of Utah swimming pool) to see how their shell structure may have been tied to their movement and lifestyle.
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Ficlatuzumab plus chemotherapy may benefit patients with relapsed/refractory AML
The investigational therapeutic ficlatuzumab in combination with chemotherapy showed signs of clinical efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia.
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Swimming at the mesoscale
A team of researchers from Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), the University of Liège and the Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy have developed a microswimmer that appears to defy the laws of fluid dynamics: their model, consisting of two beads that are connected by a linear spring, is propelled by completely symmetrical oscillations. The findings have been published in the academic journal 'Physical Review Letters'.
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Using migration data to fine-tune marketing strategies to rural Indian communities
Migration is a major phenomenon across developing economies. Marketers and policymakers should harness the power of migrants' remittances--both economic and social--to allocate marketing resources.
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Private-public partnership helps to evaluate satellite observations of atmospheric CO2 over oceans
Satellite observations of XCO2 show greater biases apparently over oceans than over the land surface. However, no effective ways to evaluate space-time XCO2 variations over wide geographical areas exist. Observations on commercial ship tracks and aircraft routes, together with atmospehric model calculations, provide a new reference XCO2 dataset for the otherwise inaccesible areas of the world. High quality satellite observations are a requirement for better understanding of the carbon cycle in response to climate change.
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Oncotarget: RAS reversion in colorectal cancer patients treated with bevacizumab
This Oncotarget finding might have potential therapeutic implications, as anti-EGFR could be reconsidered in primarily RAS mutant patients reverted to a wild-type status after bevacizumab exposure.
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