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Lunar sample tells ancient story with help of Curtin's world-class facilities

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Curtin University researchers have helped uncover the four billion year old story of a lunar sample brought from the Moon to Earth, by the manned Apollo 17 mission more than 50 years ago.
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Nicotinamide can 'immunize' plants to protect from fungal disease

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
A team led by Kanazawa University, Japan, discovered that applying the vitamin nicotinamide (NIM) to plants prevents development of fungal disease. Pre-treatment with NIM activates the plant immune response and increases amounts of antimicrobial compounds that suppress the growth of the fungus. The results could lead to novel approaches to tackling crop diseases, potentially replacing toxic fungicide sprays with new, safer ways to stimulate the plant's own defense systems.
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When physics meets financial networks

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Financial institutions are linked together in a global web of interactions whose structure can be analyzed quantitatively by means of network theory. Today, 15 years after the 2007-2008 financial crisis, the role of networks for monitoring financial stability is widely recognized. Both policymakers and researchers agree that systemic risk has to be studied and managed by adopting a network perspective.
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IPBES/IPCC: Tackling the biodiversity and climate crises together, and their combined social impacts

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) launch a peer-reviewed report based on a 4-day virtual workshop on addressing the biodiversity and climate crises together involving 50 jointly-selected international experts.
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Prostate cancer linked to obesity

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Abdominal obesity appears to be associated with a greater risk of developing aggressive prostate cancer. This link was demonstrated in a study led by Professor Marie-Élise Parent of Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS) and published in the journal Cancer Causes & Control.
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Climate protection: Deep decarbonization by 2050 currently not plausible

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
The study represents the first systematic attempt to investigate whether a climate future with net-zero carbon emissions is not only possible but also plausible. They conclude that the efforts need to be far more ambitious. The results imply that global surface warming of less than 1.7° Celsius by 2100 is not plausible, but nor is a rise of more than 4.9 degrees.
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Beyond Remission: From Alcohol Dependence to Optimal Mental Health

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
New research published online in the journal Substance Use & Misuse is good news for those struggling with alcohol dependence: the possibility of ending this dependency gets easier with age. Moreover, more than half of individuals who have been dependent on alcohol are free of any addictions or mental illness, and nearly 40% are in excellent mental health.
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Largescale brain epigenetics study provides new insights into dementia

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
The team looked in different regions of the brain, which are affected in Alzheimer's disease before looking for common changes across these cortical regions. They identified 220 sites in the genome, including 84 new genes, which showed different levels of DNA methylation in the cortex in individuals with more severe Alzheimer's disease, which weren't seen in the cerebellum.
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Drug commonly used as antidepressant helps fight cancer in mice

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
A new study by UCLA researchers suggests that the group of antidepressants commonly known as MAOIs may help the immune system attack cancer. Their findings are reported in two papers, which are published in the journals Science Immunology and Nature Communications.
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Say goodbye to your camera bump: uOttawa researchers miniaturize optics by discovering counterpart to lens

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Can you imagine one day using a telescope as thin as a sheet of paper, or a much smaller and lighter high-performance camera? Or no longer having that camera bump behind your smartphone? In a paper published in Nature Communications, researchers from the University of Ottawa have proposed a new optical element that could turn these ideas into reality by dramatically miniaturizing optical devices, potentially impacting many of the applications in our lives.
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Losing nature impacts Black, Hispanic, and low-income Americans most

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
When nature vanishes, people of color and low-income Americans disproportionally lose critical environmental and health benefits--including air quality, crop productivity and disease control--a new study in Nature Communications finds. The research is the first national study to explore the unequal impacts on American society--by race and income--of projected declines in nature and its benefits.Researchers find multiple natural benefits will drop for people of color by an average of 224%-111% between 2020-2100, as white communities see gains.
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Lodgers on manganese nodules: Sponges promote a high diversity

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Deep down in the ocean, valuable raw materials are stored, such as nodules of manganese. These resources could help meeting our increasing demand for rare metals. In addition to the nodules, there is another treasure down there: A complex ecosystem we barely understand. Researchers from Bremen and the Netherlands have discovered that sponges settling on the nodules provide a home for many other animals. Without nodules, diversity in these deep-sea regions would be significantly lower.
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Rural residents, American Indians travel farthest for certified stroke care

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Race, age, income and health insurance status are factors in the distance patients must travel to reach the nearest certified stroke care, according to a nationwide analysis of US census data and road maps.The greatest distances were for those in rural areas and for American Indians.
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New twist on DNA data storage lets users preview stored files

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Researchers have turned a longstanding challenge in DNA data storage into a tool, using it to offer users previews of stored data files -- such as thumbnail versions of image files.
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'Vegan spider silk' provides sustainable alternative to single-use plastics

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Researchers have created a plant-based, sustainable, scalable material that could replace single-use plastics in many consumer products.
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New dipping solution turns the whole fish into valuable food

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
When herring are filleted, more than half their weight becomes a low-value 'side stream' that never reaches our plates. Now, scientists from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have developed a special dipping solution which can significantly extend the side streams' shelf life, and increase the opportunities to use them as food.
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Monoclonal antibody therapy for COVID-19 safe, effective for transplant patients

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Treating transplant patients with mild to moderate cases of COVID-19 with monoclonal antibodies is safe and helps prevent serious illness, according to a Mayo Clinic study recently published in Open Forum Infectious Diseases. These results are especially important because transplant patients who are infected with COVID-19 have a higher risk of severe illness and death.
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Alcohol companies earned billions from underage drinking in 2016

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Underage youth consumed $17.5 billion worth, or 8.6 percent, of the alcoholic drinks sold in 2016. Products from three alcohol companies - AB Inbev, MillerCoors and Diageo - accounted for nearly half of youth consumption, according to a new study from researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Johns Hopkins and Boston University.
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New research shows link between politics, boredom and breaking public-health rules

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
People who are more prone to boredom and who are socially conservative are more likely to break public-health rules, according to new psychology research.
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Flickering screens may help children with reading and writing difficulties

Eurekalert - Jun 10 2021 - 00:06
Children with reading and writing difficulties who are presented with text on screens with flickering white noise both read better and remember what they have read better, according to a Swedish-Norwegian study.
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