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New therapy target for malignant melanomas in dogs

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Scientists have shown that the biological molecule PD-L1 is a potential target for the treatment of metastasized oral malignant melanoma in dogs.
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How is a molecular machine assembled?

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
The conversion of light into chemical energy by plants and photosynthetic microorganisms is one of the most important processes in nature, removing climate-damaging CO2 from the atmosphere. Protein complexes, so-called photosystems, play the key role in this process. An international research team shed light for the first time on the structure and function of a transition state in the synthesis of photosystem II.
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Artificial intelligence model predicts which key of the immune system opens the locks of coronavirus

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
With an artificial intelligence (AI) method developed by researchers at Aalto University and University of Helsinki, researchers can now link immune cells to their targets and for example uncouple which white blood cells recognize SARS-CoV-2. The developed tool has broad applications in understanding the function of immune system in infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer.
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A new study identifies interleukin 11 as a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
A research group led by Prof. Hiroyasu Nakano of Department of Biochemistry, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, found that interleukin 11 (IL-11)-positive cells rapidly appear in the colons of mice with colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancers. In RNA-seq analysis of the gene expression profiles, they found that high expression of enriched genes in IL-11-positive fibroblasts correlated with short duration of disease-free survival in human colorectal cancer patients.
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Freeze! Executioner protein caught in the act

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
A new molecular 'freeze frame' technique has allowed WEHI researchers to see key steps in how the protein MLKL kills cells.
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Better country dementia care

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Rising levels of dementia is putting pressure on residential aged care facilities, including in rural and regional centres where nursing homes and staff are already under pressure. Now a pilot program of personalised interventions, including residents' favourite songs, has been shown to make a big difference to dementia behaviours, drug use and carers' wellbeing.
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Burns victims struggling to pay

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Living away from community and country, Aboriginal families of children with severe burns also face critical financial stress to cover the associated costs of health care and treatment, a new study shows. An Australian study found feelings of crisis were common in Aboriginal families with children suffering severe burns, with one family reporting skipping meals and others selling assets to reduce costs while in hospital.
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The future looks bright for infinitely recyclable plastic

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Plastics are ubiquitous, but they're not practical. Less than 10% are recycled, and the other ~8 billion tons are creating a pollution crisis. A Berkeley Lab team is determined to change that. A new analysis shows producing and recycling their game-changing new plastic could be easy and cheap enough to leave old plastics in the dust.
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Neuro-researchers find repetitive head impacts can result in functional brain impairments

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Neuroscience researchers at Mayo Clinic Orthopedics and Sports Medicine in Rochester, Minnesota, U.S., the Health and Technology District and Simon Fraser University (SFU) in Surrey, British Columbia, Canada have published the latest results of their ongoing multi-year hockey concussion study examining changes in subconcussive cognitive brain function in male youth ice hockey players. The research showed that repetitive subconcussive impacts triggered compounding effects in brain function changes.
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Story Tip from Johns Hopkins experts on COVID-19

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Story Tip from Johns Hopkins Experts on COVID-19
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Hunger cues

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Research by investigators at Harvard Medical School illuminates the neurobiology that underlies food attraction and how hungry mice choose to pay attention to one object in their environment over another.
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Under pressure: Manipulating protein-mimicking molecules with hydrostatic pressure

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Stimulus-responsive supramolecular structures have emerged as an alternative to conventional ones, owing to their applications in sensing, drug delivery, and switchable memory systems. Now, scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology explore the hydrostatic-pressure response of "foldamers"--artificial molecules that mimic protein folding--and report a shift in their preferred conformation with changing pressure, demonstrating hydrostatic pressure-enabled dynamic control. The finding opens doors to future development of pressure-sensitive foldamers and artificial materials.
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The first US population to experience drone delivery gives it a seal of approval

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
The primary finding: 87 percent of people who responded to the survey reported that they liked the idea of drone delivery.
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Membranes unlock potential to vastly increase cell-free vaccine production

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Researchers discovered that enriching cell-free vaccine extracts with cellular membranes increased the yields of protein-based vaccines by five-fold, significantly broadening access to potentially lifesaving medicines.
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Know your ally: Cooperative male dolphins can tell who's on their team

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
When it comes to friendships and rivalries, male dolphins know who the good team players are. New findings, published in Nature Communications by University of Bristol researchers, reveal that male dolphins form a social concept of team membership based on cooperative investment in the team.
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More belly weight increases danger of heart disease even if BMI does not indicate obesity

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Research on how obesity impacts the diagnosis, management and outcomes of heart and blood vessel disease, heart failure and arrhythmias is summarized in a new statement.Waist circumference, an indicator of abdominal obesity, should be regularly measured as it is a potential warning sign of increased cardiovascular disease risk.Interventions that lead to weight loss improve risk factors yet may not always lead to improvement in coronary artery disease outcomes.
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Average-risk individuals may prefer stool-based test over colonoscopy for cancer screening

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
When given a choice, most individuals with an average risk of colorectal cancer said they would prefer a stool-based screening test for colorectal cancer over colonoscopy, the method most often recommended by health care providers.
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Personalized, 3D printed shields developed to protect patients during radiation therapy

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
In a new paper published in Advanced Science, investigators from Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital and MIT describe efforts to develop a new personalized, 3D-printed device intended to shield patients who are undergoing radiation therapy and prevent radiation-induced toxicity.
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ALMA discovers rotating infant galaxy with help of natural cosmic telescope

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
Using ALMA, astronomers found a rotating baby galaxy 1/100th the size of the Milky Way at a time when the Universe was only seven percent of its present age. Thanks to assistance by the gravitational lens effect, the team was able to explore for the first time the nature of small and dark "normal galaxies" in the early Universe, which greatly advances our understanding of the initial phase of galaxy evolution.
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Emergency EMR created in a week to respond to COVID-19 crisis

Eurekalert - Apr 22 2021 - 00:04
A paper published in the International Journal of Medical Informatics shows how a team from Regenstrief Institute leveraged OpenMRS, a global open-source EMR, to create -- in a week -- an emergency EMR for first responders preparing for a possible influx of COVID-19 patients. Lessons learned can be applied to future health crises.
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