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New high-speed method for spectroscopic measurements
Researchers at Tampere University and their collaborators have shown how spectroscopic measurements can be made much faster. By correlating polarization to the color of a pulsed laser, the team can track changes in the spectrum of the light by simple and extremely fast polarization measurements. The method opens new possibilities to measure spectral changes on a nanosecond time scale over the entire color spectrum of light.
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Switchable diurnal radiative cooling by doped VO2
In a new publication from Opto-Electronic Advances, researchers led by Professor Junsuk Rho from Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), South Korea consider switchable diurnal radiative cooling by doped VO2.
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New modeling technique shows greater likelihood, frequency of urban extreme heat events
This model addresses the fact that most traditional climate models effectively ignore cities entirely, causing them to underestimate the frequency and severity of urban heat waves. Urban areas make up only 2-3% of the earth's land, so their effect on global models is negligible, but more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas, so their impact is significant.
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RedHill announces presentation of positive oral opaganib phase 2 data in COVID-19
RedHill Biopharma Ltd. (Nasdaq: RDHL), a specialty biopharmaceutical company, today announced presentation of the positive Phase 2 safety and efficacy data for oral opaganib (Yeliva®, ABC294640) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at the World Microbe Forum (WMF) 2021 (poster #: 5574).
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Twenty-year study links childhood depression to disrupted adult health and functioning
Depression in youth, between the ages of 10 and 24 years, is both a leading cause of stress and a possible risk factor for future diseases and impairment. Now, a study in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP) confirms that depression in childhood or adolescence is associated with higher levels of adult anxiety and substance use disorders, worse health and social functioning, less financial and educational achievement, and increased criminality.
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There's no cheating old age
Life expectancy in primate populations is determined by the survival rate of the younger ones.
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Nrf2: The custodian regulating oxidative stress and immunity against acrylamide toxicity
Acrylamide, which is extensively used in industries, causes peripheral neuropathy or encephalopathy. Now, scientists from Japan examined the response against oxidative stress in acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and found that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a master regulator of the immune system and response to oxidative stress, was at the center of this toxicity. They found that Nrf2 plays a protective role by increasing the expression of protective genes and decreasing that of pro-inflammatory genes.
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Cellular mechanisms of early mammary gland development unraveled
Helsinki University research group used live tissue imaging for the first time to visualise the emergence of the mammary gland.
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Extracellular mRNA transported to the nucleus shows translation-independent function
Researchers found a portion of the extracellular messenger RNA (mRNA) are taken up by natural killer cells (NK cells) expressing the mRNA receptor protein and has a function in the cell.
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'Suffocating' cancer: A new headway in melanoma immunotherapy
Led by Dr. Bassam Janji, from the Luxembourg Institute of Health, the team used gene editing technologies to show how targeting HIF-1α could not only inhibit tumor growth, but also drive cytotoxic immune cells to the cancer tissue. This discovery provided a valuable new target to make resistant melanomas more vulnerable to available anti-cancer treatments. Their findings were recently published in the reputable Oncogene journal.
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Summer catch-up programs need to focus on teens' wellbeing, not just academic progress
Summer holiday school catch-up programs to address gaps in knowledge after school closures need to support children who are still struggling due to social isolation.
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Microscopy deep learning predicts viral infections
When viruses infect cells, changes in the cell nucleus occur, and these can be observed through fluorescence microscopy. Using fluorescence images from live cells, researchers at the University of Zurich have trained an artificial neural network to reliably recognize cells that are infected by adenoviruses or herpes viruses. The procedure also identifies severe acute infections at an early stage.
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Study suggests blood test could guide precision treatment in bladder cancer
A blood test that can detect tiny amounts of circulating cancer DNA may be able to identify risk of cancer recurrence and guide precision treatment in bladder cancer following surgery, according to a clinical study led by Professor Tom Powles from Queen Mary University of London and Barts Health NHS Trust.
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A tapeworm drug against SARS-CoV-2?
Researchers from the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the University of Bonn have examined the way in which SARS-CoV-2 reprograms the metabolism of the host cell in order to gain an overall advantage. According to their report in Nature Communications, the researchers were able to identify four substances which inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in the host cell.
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Adjuvant-free avian influenza vaccines in the works
In joint research, POSTECH professor Inhwan Hwang develops a new avian influenza vaccine using plant-based recombinant protein.
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Significant inequalities observed in popular Liverpool 'mass testing' pilot
A study by the University of Liverpool has shown that while asymptomatic COVID-19 testing in Liverpool was popular, significant inequalities were evident between those who got tested and those who didn't.
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Fertility drugs do not increase breast cancer risk, study finds
Drugs routinely used during fertility treatments to release eggs do not increase the risk of developing breast cancer, new research has shown.
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Targeted therapy could be first line treatment for childhood cancer
Scientists studying a common childhood cancer have made a major breakthrough which could lead to a cure for some youngsters who would not have survived the condition.
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Projections of US high-tide flooding show rapid increases and extreme months
In the mid-2030s, multiple United States coastal regions may see rapid increases in the number of high-tide flooding (HTF) days, according to a study led by the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa and published today in Nature Climate Change. The combined effects of sea-level rise and natural fluctuations in tidal range are anticipated to cause tipping points in the frequency of HTF.
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Investigational Alzheimer's drug improves biomarkers of the disease
An ongoing international Alzheimer's clinical trial has found that one drug, gantenerumab, improved biomarkers of disease despite unclear cognitive effects, prompting study leaders to offer participants the option of continuing to receive the drug and participate in follow-up examinations as part of a so-called open label extension.
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